nach oben

Erschienen in:

2017 | OriginalPaper | Buchkapitel

15. Praxis der Pharmakotherapie der Depression in Schwangerschaft und Stillzeit

verfasst von : Niels Bergemann

Erschienen in: Therapie der Depression

Verlag: Springer Berlin Heidelberg

Einloggen, um Zugang zu erhalten

Zusammenfassung

Bei der Behandlung von Frauen im gebärfähigen Alter tauchen nicht selten Fragen zu Risiken und Nutzen einer Psychopharmakotherapie bei Schwangerschaftswunsch, in Schwangerschaft und Stillzeit auf. Bei der Behandlung depressiver Erkrankungen in Schwangerschaft und Stillzeit muss die Option einer medikamentösen Behandlung nicht prinzipiell ausgeschlossen werden. Vielmehr bedarf es einer individuellen Nutzen-Risiko-Abwägung zwischen der Gefährdung von Mutter und Kind durch eine unbehandelte Depression ohne Medikamenteneinnahme und einer gut behandelten Depression unter einer Medikation. Bei einer Medikation muss die potenzielle Gefährdung des Kindes durch fetotoxische Medikamenteneffekte, Schwangerschafts- oder peripartale Komplikationen und mögliche Langzeitfolgen beachtet werden. Es liegen heute Daten für Antidepressiva vor, die eine gute Einschätzung über ihre Eignung in Schwangerschaft und Stillzeit erlauben. Unter Beachtung einiger Regeln und bei geeigneter Auswahl der Antidepressiva kann das Risiko für das Neugeborene in Schwangerschaft und Stillzeit minimiert werden. In der Stillzeit besteht prinzipiell die Möglichkeit des Abstillens. Therapeutisches Drug Monitoring erhöht die Arzneimittelsicherheit für Mutter und Kind

Nur mit Berechtigung zugänglich

Abramowitz JS, Meltzer-Brody S, Leserman J, Killenberg S, Rinaldi K, Mahaffey BL, Pedersen C (2010) Obsessional thoughts and compulsive behaviors in a sample of women with postpartum mood symptoms. Arch Womens Ment Health 13:523–530PubMedCrossRef

Adab N (2006) Therapeutic monitoring of antiepileptic drugs during pregnancy and the postpartum period. Is it useful? CNS Drugs 20:791–800PubMedCrossRef

Ahokas AJ, Turtiainen S, Aito M (1998) Sublingual oestrogen treatment of postnatal depression. Lancet 351:109PubMedCrossRef

Altshuler LL, Cohen L, Szuba MP, Burt VK, Gitlin M, Mintz J (1996) Pharmacologic management of psychiatric illness during pregnancy: dilemmas and guidelines. Am J Psychiatry 153:592–606PubMedCrossRef

Andersen JT, Andersen NL, Horwitz H, Poulsen HE, Jimenez-Solem E (2014) Exposure to selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors in early pregnancy and the risk of miscarriage. Obstet Gynecol 124:655–661PubMedCrossRef

Andersson L, Sundström-Poromaa I, Wulff M, Aström M, Bixo M (2004) Neonatal outcome following maternal antenatal depression and anxiety: a population-based study. Am J Epidemiol 159:872–881PubMedCrossRef

Andrade C (2014) The safety of duloxetine during pregnancy and lactation. J Clin Psychiatry 75(12):e1423–1427CrossRef

Andrade SE, Raebel MA, Brown J, Lane K, Livingston J, Boudreau D, Rolnick SJ, Roblin D, Smith DH, Willy ME, Staffa JA, Platt R (2008) Use of antidepressant medications during pregnancy: a multisite study. Am J Obstet Gynecol 198:194.e1–194.e5CrossRef

Austin MP, Karatas JC, Mishra P, Christl B, Kennedy D, Oei J (2013) Infant neurodevelopment following in utero exposure to antidepressant medication. Acta Paediatr 102:1054–1059PubMed

Bäckström T, Bixo M, Hammarbäck S (1985) Ovarian steroid hormones. Effects and mood, behaviour and brain excitability. Acta Obstet Gynecol Scand 130:19–24CrossRef

Ban L, Gibson JE, West J, Fiaschi L, Sokal R, Smeeth L, Doyle P, Hubbard RB, Tata LJ (2014) Maternal depression, antidepressant prescriptions, and congenital anomaly risk in offspring: a population-based cohort study. BJOG 121:1471–1481PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef

Bar-Oz B, Einarson T, Einarson A, Boskovic R, O′Brien L, Malm H, Bérard A, Koren G (2007) Paroxetine and congenital malformations: meta-analysis and consideration of potential confounding factors. Clin Ther 29:918–926PubMedCrossRef

Bennett HA, Einarson A, Taddio A, Koren G, Einarson TR (2004) Prevalence of depression during pregnancy: systematic review. Obstet Gynecol 103:698–709PubMedCrossRef

Bergemann N (2001) Psychotrope Effekte der Hormonsubstitutionstherapie. In: Riecher-Rössler A, Rohde A (Hrsg) Psychische Erkrankungen bei Frauen – Für eine geschlechtersensible Psychiatrie und Psychotherapie. Karger, Basel, S 138–164

Bergemann N (2007) Antidepressive Therapie: Besonderheiten in Schwangerschaft und Stillzeit. Der Neurologe & Psychiater DNP 8(12):34–41

Bergemann N (2009) Antidepressiva in der Schwangerschaft. Neurol Neurochir Psychiatr 10:41–47

Bergemann N (2015) Mood Stabilizer in der Schwangerschaft. Psychopharmakotherapie 22:286–297

Bergemann N, Rommel F (2010) Junge Frau mit affektiver Erkrankung – was tun, wenn sie schwanger wird? InFo Neurologie & Psychiatrie 12:30–39

Bergemann N, Riecher-Rössler A (2005) Introduction and overview. In: Bergemann N, Riecher-Rössler A (Hrsg) Estrogen effects in psychiatric disorders. Springer, Wien, S 1–5CrossRef

Bergemann N, Rommel F, Conca A (2009) Therapeutisches Drug-Monitoring von Psychopharmaka in der Schwangerschaft. Neurol Neurochir Psychiatr 10:38–40

Bergink V, Kushner SA (2014) Lithium during pregnancy. Am J Psychiatry 171:712–715PubMedCrossRef

Bloch M, Schmidt PJ, Danaceau M, Murphy J, Nieman L, Rubinow DR (2000) Effects of gonadal steroids in women with a history of postpartum depression. Am J Psychiatry 157:924–930PubMedCrossRef

Bonari L, Pinto N, Ahn E, Einarson A, Steiner M, Koren G (2004) Perinatal risks of untreated depression during pregnancy. Can J Psychiatry 49:726–735PubMedCrossRef

Brand SR, Brennan PA (2009) Impact of antenatal and postpartum maternal mental illness: how are the children? Clin Obstet Gynecol 52:441–455PubMedCrossRef

Briggs G, Freeman S, Yaffe S (1994) Drugs in pregnancy and lactation. Williams & Williams, Baltimore MD

Brockington IF, Macdonald E, Wainscott G (2006) Anxiety, obsessions and morbid preoccupations in pregnancy and the puerperium. Arch Womens Ment Health 9:253–263PubMedCrossRef

Broich K, Greiner C, Paeschke N, Huber M (2015) Antidpressiva in der Schwangerschaft. Psychopharmakotherapie 22:268–277

Buist A, Norman TR, Dennerstein L (1990) Breastfeeding and the use of psychotropic medication: a review. J Affect Disord 19:197–206PubMedCrossRef

Buttner MM, Mott SL, Pearlstein T, Stuart S, Zlotnick C, O’Hara MW (2013) Examination of premenstrual symptoms as a risk factor for depression in postpartum women. Arch Womens Ment Health 16:219–225PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef

Byatt N, Deligiannidis KM, Freemann MP (2013) Antidepressant use in pregnancy: a critical review focused on risks and controversies. Acta Psychiatr Scand 127:94–114PubMedCrossRef

Campbell E, Kennedy F, Russell A, Smithson WH, Parsons L, Morrison PJ, Liggan B, Irwin B, Delanty N, Hunt SJ, Craig J, Morrow J (2014) Malformation risks of antiepileptic drug monotherapies in pregnancy: updated results from the UK and Ireland Epilepsy and Pregnancy Registers. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 85:1029–1034PubMedCrossRef

Casper RC, Fleisher BE, Lee-Ancaja JC, Gilles A, Gaylor E, DeBattista A, Hoyme HE (2003) Follow-up of children of depressed mothers exposed or not exposed to antidepressant drugs during pregnancy. J Pediatr 142:402–408PubMedCrossRef

Chan J, Natekar A, Einarson A, Koren G (2014) Risks of untreated depression in pregnancy. Can Fam Physician 60:242–243PubMedPubMedCentral

Chen H, Yang K, Choi S, Fischer JH, Jeong H (2009) Up-regulation of UDP-glucuronosyltransferase (UGT) 1A4 by 17β-estradiol: a potential mechanism of increased lamotrigine elimination in pregnancy. Drug Metab Dispos 37:1841–1847PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef

Clements CC, Castro VM, Blumenthal SR, Rosenfield HR, Murphy SN, Fava M, Erb JL, Churchill SE, Kaimal AJ, Doyle AE, Robinson EB, Smoller JW, Kohane IS, Perlis RH (2015) Prenatal antidepressant exposure is associated with risk for attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder but not autism spectrum disorder in a large health system. Mol Psychiatr 20:272–734CrossRef

Cohen LS, Friedman JM, Jefferson JW, Johnson EM, Weiner ML (1994) A reevaluation of risk of in utero exposure to lithium. JAMA 271:146–150PubMedCrossRef

Cohen LS, Nonacs RM, Bailey JW, Viguera AC, Reminick AM, Altshuler LL, Stowe ZN, Faraone SV (2004) Relapse of depression during pregnancy following antidepressant discontinuation: a preliminary prospective study. Arch Womens Ment Health 7:217–221PubMedCrossRef

Cohen LS, Altshuler LL, Harlow BL, Nonacs R, Newport DJ, Viguera AC, Suri R, Burt VK, Hendrick V, Reminick AM, Loughead A, Vitonis AF, Stowe ZN (2006) Relapse of major depression during pregnancy in women who maintain or discontinue antidepressant treatment. JAMA 295:499–507 (Erratum in: JAMA 2006, 296:170)PubMedCrossRef

Cole JA, Ephross SA, Cosmatos, Walker AM (2007) Paroxetine in the first trimester and the prevalence of congenital malformations. Pharmacoepidemiol Drug Saf 16:1075–1085PubMedCrossRef

Cooper WO, Pont ME, Ray WA (2007) Increasing use of antidepressants in pregnancy. Am J Obstet Gynecol196:544.e1-5CrossRef

Cox JL, Connor Y, Kendell RE (1982) Prospective study of the psychiatric disorders of childbirth. Br J Psychiatry 140:111–117PubMedCrossRef

Czeizel A, Rácz J (1990) Evaluation of drug intake during pregnancy in the Hungarian Case-Control Surveillance of Congenital Anomalies. Teratology 42:505–512PubMedCrossRef

Deligiannidis KM, Byatt N, Freeman MP (2014) Pharmacotherapy for mood disorders in pregnancy. A review of pharmacokinetic changes and clinical recommendations for therapeutic drug monitoring. J Clin Psychopharamcol 2:244–255CrossRef

DeVane CL, Stowe ZN, Donovan JL, Newport DJ, Pennell PB, Ritchie JC, Owens MJ, Wang JS (2006) Therapeutic drug monitoring of psychoactive drugs during pregnancy in the genomic era: challenges and opportunities. J Psychopharmacol 20:54–59PubMedCrossRef

DeVries NKS, Van der Veere CN, Reijneveld SA, Bos AF (2013) Early neurological outcome of young infants exposed to selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors during pregnancy: results from the observational SMOK study. PLoS ONE 8:e64654CrossRef

Diav-Citrin O, Shechtman S, Weinbaum D, Arnon J, Di Gianantonio E, Clementi M, Ornoy A (2005) Paroxetine and fluoxetine in pregnancy: controlled study. Reprod Toxicol 220:459

Diav-Citrin O, Shechtman S, Tahover E, Finkel-Pekarsky V, Arnon J, Kennedy D, Erebara A, Einarson A, Ornoy A (2014) Pregnancy outcome following in utero exposure to lithium: a prospective, comparative, observational study. Am J Psychiatry 171:785–794PubMedCrossRef

di Scalea TL, Wisner KL (2009) Pharmacotherapy of postpartum depression. Expert Opin Pharmacother 10:2593–2607PubMedCrossRef

Do T, Hu Z, Otto J, Rohrbeck P (2013) Depression and suicidality during the postpartum period after first time deliveries, active component service women and dependent spouses, U.S. armed forces, 2007–2012. MSMR 20:2–7PubMed

Einarson A, Pistelli A, DeSantis M, Malm H, Paulus WD, Panchaud A, Kennedy D, Einarson TR, Koren G (2008) Evaluation of the risk of congenital cardiovascular defects associated with use of paroxetine during pregnancy. Am J Psychiatry 165:749–752PubMedCrossRef

El Marroun H, White T, Verhulst FC, Tiemeier H (2014) Maternal use of antidepressant or anxiolytic medication during pregnancy and childhood neurodevelopmental outcomes: a systematic review. Eur Child Adolesc Psychiatry 23:973–992PubMedCrossRef

Ellfolk M, Malm H (2010) Risks associated with in utero and lactation exposure to selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs). Reprod Toxicol 30:249–260PubMedCrossRef

Evans J, Heron J, Francomb H, Oke S, Golding J (2001) Cohort study of depressed mood during pregnancy and after childbirth. BMJ 323:257–260PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef

Farr SL, Dietz PM, O’Hara MW, Burley K, Ko JY (2014) Postpartum anxiety and comorbid depression in a population-based sample of women. J Womens Health (Larchmt) 23:120–128CrossRef

Figuerosa R (2010) Use of antidepressants during pregnancy and risk of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder in the offspring. J Dev Behav Pediatr 31:641–648CrossRef

Frick A, Reck C, Fuchs T, Aderjan R, Grimm D, Bergemann N (2005) Fluvoxamininduzierte epileptische Anfälle bei einem 7 Wochen alten, gestillten Säugling. Fortschr Neurol Psychiatr 73:629CrossRef

Furu K, Kieler H., Haglund B, Engeland A, Engeland A, Selmer R, Stephansson O, Valdimarsdottir UA, Zoega H, Artama M, Gissler M, Malm H, Nørgaard M (2015) Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors and venlafaxine in early pregnancy and risk of birth defects: population based cohort study and sibling design. BMJ 350:h1798CrossRef

Garbis H, McElhatton PR (2007) Psychotropic drugs. In: Schaefer C, Peters P, Miller RK (Hrsg) Drugs during pregnancy and lactation. Treatment options and risk assessment, 2. Aufl. Academic Press/Elsevier, Amsterdam NL, S 288–320CrossRef

Gavin NI, Gaynes BN, Lohr KN, Meltzer-Brody S, Gartlehner G, Swinson T (2005) Perinatal depression: a systematic review of prevalence and incidence. Obstet Gynecol 106:1071–1083PubMedCrossRef

Gentile S (2005) The safety of newer antidepressants in pregnancy and breastfeeding. Drug Saf 28:137–152PubMedCrossRef

Gentile S (2011) Drug treatment for mood disorders in pregnancy. Curr Opin Psychiatry 24:34–40PubMedCrossRef

Gentile S (2012) Lithium in pregnancy: the need to treat, the duty to ensure safety. Expert Opin Drug Saf 11:425–437PubMedCrossRef

Gentile S (2015) Early pregnancy exposure to selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors, risks of major structural malformations, and hypothesized teratogenic mechanisms. Expert Opin Drug Metab Toxicol 11:1585–1597PubMedCrossRef

Gentile S, Galbally M (2010) Prenatal exposure to antidepressant medications and neurodevelopmental outcomes: a systematic review. J Affect Disord 128:1–9PubMedCrossRef

GlaxoSmithKline (2007) The Bupropion Pregnancy Registry – Interim Report, 1 September 1997 through 28 February 2007

Glynn LM, Davis EP, Sandman CA (2013) New insights into the role of perinatal HPA-axis dysregulation in postpartum depression. Neuropeptides 47:363–370PubMedCrossRef

Grandjean EM, Aubry JM (2009) Lithium: updated human knowledge using an evidence-based approach. Part III: clinical safety. CNS Drugs 23:397–418PubMedCrossRef

Gregoire AJP, Kumar R, Everitt B (1996) Transdermal oestrogen for treatment of severe postnatal depression. Lancet 347:930–933PubMedCrossRef

Grigoriadis S, VonderPorten EH, Mamisashvili L, Tomlinson G, Dennis CL, Koren G, Steiner M, Mousmanis P, Cheung A, Ross LE (2014) Prenatal exposure to antidepressants and persistent pulmonary hypertension of the newborn: systematic review and meta-analysis. BMJ 348:f6932CrossRef

Guclu S, Gol M, Dogan E, Savgili U (2005) Mirtazapine use in resistant hyperemesis gravidarum: report of three cases and review of the literature. Arch Gynecol Obstet 272:298–300PubMedCrossRef

Hadjikhani N (2010) Serotonin, pregnancy and increased autism prevalence: is there a link? Med Hypotheses 74:880–883PubMedCrossRef

Hägg S, Spigset O (2000) Anticonvulsant use during lactation. Drug Saf 22:425–440PubMedCrossRef

Hale TW (2003) Medications in breastfeeding mothers of preterm infants. Pediatr Ann 32:337–347PubMedCrossRef

Hale TW (2004) Maternal medications during breastfeeding. Clin Obstet Gynecol 47:696–711PubMedCrossRef

Hanley GE, Oberlander TF (2012) Neurodevelopmental outcomes following prenatal exposure to serotonin reuptake inhibitor antidepressants: a “social teratogen” or moderator of developmental risk? Birth Defects Res A Clin Mol Teratol 94:651–659PubMedCrossRef

Harrington RA, Lee LC, Crum RM, Zimmermann AW, Hertz-Picciotto (2014) Prenatal SSRI use and offspring with autism spectrum disorder or developmental delay. Pediatrics 133:e1241-1248CrossRef

Harris B, Lovett L, Newcombe RG, Read GF, Walker R, Riad-Fahmy D (1994) Maternity blues and major endocrine changes: Cardiff puerperal mood and hormone study II. BMJ 308:949–953PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef

Hasan A, Falkai P, Wobrock T, Lieberman J, Glenthøj B, Gattaz WF, Thibaut F, Möller HJ; WFSBP Task Force on Treatment Guidelines for Schizophrenia (2015) World Federation of Societies of Biological Psychiatry (WFSBP) Guidelines for Biological Treatment of Schizophrenia. Part 3: Update 2015 Management of special circumstances: Depression, suicidality, substance use disorders and pregnancy and lactation. World J Biol Psychiatry 16:142–170PubMedCrossRef

Hemels ME, Einarson A, Koren G, Lanctôt KL, Einarson TR (2005) Antidepressant use during pregnancy and the rates of spontaneous abortions: a meta-analysis. Ann Pharmacother 39:803–809PubMedCrossRef

Hermansen TK, Melinder A (2015) Prenatal SSRI exposure: effects on later child development. Child Neuropsychol 21:543–569PubMedCrossRef

Hiemke C, Baumann P, Bergemann N, Conca A, Dietmaier O, Egberts K, Fric M, Gerlach M, Greiner C, Gründer G, Haen E, Havemann-Reinecke U, Jaquenoud Sirot E, Kirchherr H, Laux G, Lutz UC, Messer T, Müller MJ, Pfuhlmann B, Rambeck B, Riederer P, Schoppek B, Stingl J, Uhr M, Ulrich S, Waschgler R, Zernig G (2011) AGNP Consensus Guidelines for Therapeutic Drug Monitoring in Psychiatry: Update 2011. Pharmacopsychiatry 44(6):195–235)CrossRef

Huybrechts KF, Hernandez-Diaz S, Avorn J. (2014) Antidepressant use in pregnancy and the risk of cardiac defects. N Engl J Med 371:1168–1169PubMed

Huybrechts KF, Bateman BT, Palmsten K, Desai RJ, Patorno E, Gopalakrishnan C, Levin R, Mogun H, Hernandez-Diaz S (2015) Antidepressant use late in pregnancy and risk of persistent pulmonary hypertension of the newborn. JAMA 313:2142–2151PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef

Jacobson SJ, Jones K, Johnson K, Ceolin L, Kaur P, Sahn D, Donnenfeld AE, Rieder M, Santelli R, Smythe J (1992) Prospective multicenter study of pregnancy outcome after lithium exposure during first trimester. Lancet 339:530–533PubMedCrossRef

Jones I, McDonald L (2014) Living with uncertainty: antidepressants and pregnancy. Br J Psychiatry 205:103–104PubMedCrossRef

Jones I, Chandra PS, Dazzan P, Howard LM (2014) Bipolar disorder, affective psychosis and schizophrenia in pregnancy and the post-partum period. Lancet 384:1789–1799PubMedCrossRef

Källén BA (2007) The safety of antidepressant drugs during pregnancy. Expert Opin Drug Saf 6:357–370PubMedCrossRef

Källén BA, Otterblad Olausson P (2007) Maternal use of selective serotonin re-uptake inhibitors in early pregnancy and infant congenital malformations. Birth Defects Res A Clin Mol Teratol 79:301–308PubMedCrossRef

Kieler H, Artama M, Engeland A, Ericsson O, Furu K, Gissler M, Nielsen RB, Nørgaard M, Stephansson O, Valdimarsdottir U, Zoega H, Haglund B (2012) Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors during pregnancy and risk of persistent pulmonary hypertension in the newborn: population based cohort study from the five Nordic countries. BMJ 344:d8012PubMedCrossRef

Kim DR, Epperson CN, Weiss AR, Wisner KL (2014) Pharmacotherapy of postpartum depression: an update. Expert Opin Pharmacother 15:1223–1234PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef

Kinsella MT, Monk C (2009) Impact of maternal stress, depression and anxiety on fetal neurobehavioral development. Clin Obstet Gynecol 52:425–440PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef

Kissling W, Hamann J (2010) Partizipation, Integrierte Versorgung. In: Riederer PF, Laux G (Hrsg) Grundlagen der Neuro-Psychopharmakologie. Ein Therapiehandbuch. Springer, Wien, S 199–213

Kjaersgaard MI, Parner ET, Vestergaard M, Sorensen MJ, Olsen J, Christensen J, Bech BH, Pedersen LH (2013) Prenatal antidepressant exposure and risk of spontaneous abortion – a population-based study. PLoS One 8:e72095CrossRef

Klinger G, Merlob P (2008) Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor induced neonatal abstinence syndrome. Isr J Psychiatriy Relat Sci 45:107–113

Knoppert DC, Nimkar R, Principi T, Yuen D (2006) Paroxetine toxicity in a newborn after in utero exposure: clinical symptoms correlate with serum levels.Ther Drug Monit 28(1):5–7PubMedCrossRef

Knutti R, Rothweiler H, Schlatter C (1982) The effect of pregnancy on the pharmacokinetics of caffeine. Arch Toxicol (Suppl.) 5:187–192CrossRef

Koren G (2006) A new indication for therapeutic drug monitoring in the neonate. Ther Drug Monit 28:1PubMedCrossRef

Kozma C (2005) Neonatal toxicity and transient neurodevelopmental deficits following prenatal exposure to lithium: Another clinical report and a review of the literature. Am J Med Genet 132 A:441–444CrossRef

Kuhl H (2002) Einfluss von Psychopharmaka auf Reproduktion und Kontrazeption. In: Kuhl H (Hrsg) Sexualhormone und Psyche. Thieme, Stuttgart, S 48–56

Laugesen K, Olsen MS, Andersen ABT, Frøslev T, Sørensen HT (2013) In utero exposure to antidepressant drugs and risk of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder: a nationwide Danish cohort study. BMJ Open 3:e003507PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef

Lakshminrusimha S, Steinhorn RH (1999) Pulmonary vascular biology during neonatal transition. Clin Perinatol 26:601–619PubMed

Lamberg L (2005) Risks and benefits key to psychotropic use during pregnancy and postpartum period. JAMA 294:1604–1608PubMedCrossRef

Lanczik M, Knoche M, Fritze J (1998a) Psychopharmakotherapie während Gravidität und Laktation. Teil 1: Gravidität. Nervenarzt 69:1–9PubMedCrossRef

Lanczik M, Knoche M, Fritze J (1998b) Psychopharmakotherapie während Gravidität und Laktation. Teil 2: Laktation. Nervenarzt 69:10–14PubMedCrossRef

Lassen D, Ennis ZN, Damkier P (2016) First-trimester pregnancy exposure to venlafaxine or duloxetine and risk of major congenital malformations: a systematic review. Basic Clin Pharmacol Toxicol 118:32–36PubMedCrossRef

Leung AK, Sauve RS (2005) Breast is best for babies. J Natl Med Assoc 97:1010–1019PubMedPubMedCentral

Loebstein R, Koren G (2002) Clinical relevance of therapeutic drug monitoring during pregnancy. Ther Drug Monit 24:15–22PubMedCrossRef

Lorenzo L, Einarson A (2014) Antidepressant use in pregnancy: An evaluation of adverse outcomes excluding malformations. Isr J Psychiatry Relat Sci 51:94–105PubMed

Malm H, Sourander A, Gissler M, Gyllenberg D, Hinkka-Yli-Salomäki S, McKeague IW, Artama M, Brown AS (2016) Pregnancy complications following prenatal exposure to SSRIs or maternal psychiatric disorders: results from population-based national register data. Am J Psychiatry 172:1224–1232CrossRef

Margulis AV, Kang EM, Hammad TA (2014) Patterns of prescription of antidepressants and antipsychotics across and within pregnancies in a population-based UK cohort. Matern Child Health J 18:1742–1752PubMedCrossRef

McKnight RF, Marc A, Budge K, Stockton S, Goddwin GM, Geddes JR (2012) Lithium toxicity profile: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Lancet 379:721–728PubMedCrossRef

Mortola JF (1989) The use of psychotropic agents in pregnancy and lactation. Psychiatr Clin North Am 12:69–87PubMed

Moses-Kolko EL, Bogen D, Perel J, Bregar A, Uhl K, Levin B, Wisner KL (2005) Neonatal signs after late in utero exposure to serotonin reuptake inhibitors: literature review and implications for clinical applications. JAMA 293:2372–2383PubMedCrossRef

Moses-Kolko EL, Berga SL, Kalro B, Sit DKY, Wisner KL (2009) Transdermal estradiol for postpartum depression: a promising treatment option. Clin Obstet Gynecol 52:516–529PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef

Munk-Olsen T, Laursen TM, Mendelson T, et al. (2009) Risks and predictors of readmission for a mental disorder during the postpartum period. Arch Gen Psychiatry 66:189–195PubMedCrossRef

Musenga A, Saracino MA, Sani G, Raggi MA (2009) Antipsychotic and antiepileptic drugs in bipolar disorder: the importance of therapeutic drug monitoring. Curr Med Chem 16:1463–1481PubMedCrossRef

Myles N, Newall H, Ward H, Large M (2013) Systematic meta-analysis of individual selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor medications and congenital malformations. Aust N Z J Psychiatry 47:1002–1002PubMedCrossRef

Nomura J, Okano T (1992) Endocrine function and hormonal treatment of postpartum psychosis. In: Hamilton JA, Harberger PN (Hrsg) Postpartum psychiatric illness – a picture puzzle. University of Pennsylvania Press, Philadelphia PA, S 176–190

Nordeng H, Gelder M, Spigset O, Koren G, Einarson A, Eberhard-Gran M (2011) Antidepressant exposure, maternal depression and pregnancy outcome – results from the Norwegian mother and child cohort study. Reprod Toxicol 31:263CrossRef

Nulman I, Rovet J, Stewart DE, Wolpin J, Gardner HA, Theis JGW, Kulin N, Koren G (1997) Neurodevelopment of children exposed in utero to antidepressant drugs. N Engl J Med 336:258–262PubMedCrossRef

Nulman I, Rovet J, Stewart DE, Wolpin J, Pace-Asciak P, Shuhaiber S, Koren G (2002) Child development following exposure to tricyclic antidepressants or fluoxetine throughout fetal life: a prospective, controlled study. Am J Psychiatry 159:1889–1895PubMedCrossRef

Nulman I, Koren G, Rovet J, Barrera M, Pulver A, Streiner D, Feldman B (2012) Neurodevelopment of children following prenatal exposure to venlafaxine, selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors, or untreated maternal depression. Am J Psychiatry 169:1165–1174PubMedCrossRef

Nulman I, Koren G, Rovet J, Barrera M, Streiner DL, Feldman BM (2015) Neurodevelopment of children prenatally exposed to selective reuptake inhibitor antidepressants: Toronto sibling study. J Clin Psychiatry 76:e842–847CrossRef

Occhiogrosso M, Omran SS, Altemus M (2012) Persistent pulmonary hypertension of the newborn and selelctive serotonin reuptake inhibitors: lessons from clinical and translational studies. Am J Psychiatry 169:134–140PubMedCrossRef

Ogburn PL Jr, Hurt RD, Croghan IT, Schroeder DR, Ramin KD, Offord KP, Moyer TP (1999) Nicotine patch use in pregnant smokers: nicotine and cotinine levels and fetal effects. Am J Obstet Gynecol 181:736–743PubMedCrossRef

O’Hara MW (1986) Social support, life events, and depression during pregnancy and the puerperium. Arch Gen Psychiatry 43:569–573PubMedCrossRef

O’Hara MW, McCabe JE (2013) Postpartum depression: current status and future directions. Annu Rev Clin Psychol 9:379–407PubMedCrossRef

O’Hara MW, Schlechte JA, Lewis DA, Wright EJ (1991) Prospective study of postpartum blues. Biological and psychosocial factors. Arch Gen Psychiatry 48:801–806PubMedCrossRef

O’Keane V, Marsh MS (2007) Pregnancy Plus: Depression during pregnancy. BMJ 334:1003–1005PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef

Oncken CA, Hatsukami DK, Lupo VR, Lando HA, Gibeau LM, Hansen RJ (1996) Effects of short-term use of nicotine gum in pregnant smokers. Clin Pharmacol Ther 59:654–661PubMedCrossRef

Pavek P, Ceckova M, Staud F (2009) Variation of drug kinetics in pregnancy. Curr Drug Metab 10:520–529PubMedCrossRef

Paykel ES, Emms EM, Fletcher J, Rassaby ES (1980) Life events and social support in puerperal depression. Br J Psychiatry 136:339–346PubMedCrossRef

Pedersen LH, Henriksen TB, Vestergaard N, Olsen J, Bech BH (2009) Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors in pregnancy and congenital malformations: population based cohort study. BMJ 339:b3569CrossRef

Pedersen LH, Henriksen TB, Bech BH, Licht RW, Kjaer D, Olsen J (2013) Prenatal antidepressant exposure and behavioral problems in early childhood – a cohort study. Acta Psychiatr Scand 127:125–135CrossRef

Petersen I, Evans S, Nazareth I (2014) Prenatal exposure to selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors and autistic symptoms in young children: another red herring? Br J Psychiatry 205:105–106PubMedCrossRef

Pinsonneault JK, Sullivan D, Sadee W, Soares CN, Hampson E, Steiner M (2013) Association study of the estrogen receptor gene ESR1 with postpartum depression-a pilot study. Arch Womens Ment Health 16:499–509PubMedCrossRef

Pond SM, Kreek MJ, Tong TG, Raghunath J, Benowitz NL (1985) Altered methadone pharmacokinetics in methadone-maintained pregnant women. Pharmacol Exp Ther 233:1–6

Queißer-Luft A, Spranger J (2006) Fehlbildungen bei Neugeborenen. Dtsch Aerztebl 103:A2464–2471

Rahman A, Iqbal Z, Harrington R (2003) Life events, social support and depression in childbirth: perspectives from a rural community in the developing world. Psychol Med 33:1161–1167PubMedCrossRef

Rahman A, Iqbal Z, Bunn J, Lovel H, Harrington R (2004) Impact of maternal depression on infant nutritional status and illness: a cohort study. Arch Gen Psychiatry 61:946–952PubMedCrossRef

Rahman A, Bunn J, Lovel H, Creed F (2007) Association between antenatal depression and low birthweight in a developing country. Acta Psychiatr Scand 115:481–486PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef

Rai D, Lee BK, Dalman C, Golding J, Lewis G, Magnusson C (2013) Parental depression, maternal antidepressant use during pregnancy, and risk of autism spectrum disorders: population based case-control study. BMJ 19:346:f2059

Reis M, Källén B (2010) Delivery outcome after maternal use of antidepressant drugs in pregnancy: an update using Swedish data. Psychol Med 40:1723–1733PubMedCrossRef

Righetti-Veltema M, Conne-Perréard E, Bousquet A, Manzano J (1998) Risk factors and predictive signs of postpartum depression. J Affect Disord 49:167–180PubMedCrossRef

Robinson GE (2015) Controversies about the use of antidepressants in pregnancy. J Nerv Ment Dis 203:159–163PubMedCrossRef

Roca A, Imaz ML, Torres A, Plaza A, Subirà S, Valdés M, Martin-Santos R, Garcia-Esteve L (2013) Unplanned pregnancy and discontinuation of SSRIs in pregnant women with previously treated affective disorder. J Affect Disord 150:807–813PubMedCrossRef

Ross LE, Grigoriadis S, Mamisashvili L, Vonderporten EH, Roerecke M, Rehm J, Dennis CL, Koren G, Steiner M, Mousmanis P, Cheung A (2013) Selected pregnancy and delivery outcomes after exposure to antidepressant medication: a systematic review and meta-analysis. JAMA Psychiatry 70:436–443PubMedCrossRef

Sacher J, Wilson AA, Houle S, Rusjan P, Hassan S, Bloomfield PM, Stewart DE, Meyer JH (2010) Elevated brain monoamine oxidase A binding in the early postpartum period. Arch Gen Psychiatry 67:468–474PubMedCrossRef

Sanz EJ, De-las-Cuevas C, Kiuru A, Bate A, Edwards R (2005) Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors in pregnant women and neonatal withdrawal syndrome: a database analysis. Lancet 365(9458):482–487PubMedCrossRef

Schaefer C, Spielmann H, Vetter K, Weber-Schöndorf C (Hrsg) (2012) Arzneimittel in Schwangerschaft und Stillzeit, 8. Aufl. Elsevier, München

Schwabe U, Paffrath D (Hrsg) (2015) Arzneiverordnungs-Report 2015. Aktuelle Zahlen, Kosten, Trends und Kommentare. Springer, Heidelberg

Sharma V, Burt VK, Ritchie HL (2009) Bipolar II postpartum depression: detection, diagnosis, and treatment. Am J Psychiatry 166:1217–1221PubMedCrossRef

Shechtman S, Sabbah U, Diav-Citrin O et al (2011) Lack of teratogenic effect of citalopram/escitalopram after in-utero exposure. Reprod Toxicol 31:265CrossRef

Simon GE, Cunningham ML, Davis RL (2002) Outcomes of prenatal antidepressant exposure. Am J Psychiatry 159:2055–2061PubMedCrossRef

Skurtveit S, Selmer R, Roth C, Hernandez-Diaz S, Handal M (2014) Prenatal exposure to antidepressants and language competence at age three: results from a large population-based pregnancy cohort in Norway. BJOG 121:1621–1631PubMedCrossRef

Smith A, Cubis J, Brinsmead M, Lewin T, Singh B, Owens P, Chan EC, Hall C, Adler R, Lovelock M (1990) Mood changes, obstetric experience and alteration in plasma cortisol, beta-endorphin and corticotrophin releasing hormone during pregnancy and the puerperium. J Psychosom Res 34:53–69PubMedCrossRef

Steinhorn RH (2010) Neonatal pulmonary hypertension. Pediatr Crit Care Med 11(Suppl):79–84CrossRef

Stowe ZN, Llewellyn A, Hostetter A, Nemeroff CB (2000) The use of psychiatric medications during breast-feeding. In: Steiner M, Yonkers KA, Eriksson E (Hrsg) Mood disorders in women. Dunitz, London GB, S 329–351

Studd JW (2011) A guide to the treatment of depression in women by estrogens. Climacteric 14:637–642PubMedCrossRef

Taylor D, Paton C, Kerwin R (Hrsg) (2005) The Maudsley Prescribing Guidelines 2005. Taylor & Francis, London GB

Tomson T, Battino D, Bonizzoni E, Craig J, Lindhout D, Sabers A, Perucca E, Vajda F; EURAP study group (2011) Dose-dependent risk of malformations with antiepileptic drugs: an analysis of data from the EURAP epilepsy and pregnancy registry. Lancet Neurol 10:609–617PubMedCrossRef

Tomson T, Xue H, Battino D (2015) Major congenital malformations in children of women with epilepsy. Seizure 28:46–50PubMedCrossRef

Troyer WA, Pereila GR, Lannon RA, Belik J, Yoder MC (1993) Association of maternal lithium exposure and premature delivery. J Perinatol 13:123–127PubMed

Viguera AC, Whitfield T, Baldessarini RJ, Newport DJ, Stowe Z, Reminick A, Zurick A, Cohen LS (2007) Risk of recurrence in women with bipolar disorder during pregnancy: prospective study of mood stabilizer discontinuation. Am J Psychiatry 164:1817–1824PubMedCrossRef

Wadhawa PD, Glynn L, Hobel CJ, Garite TJ, Porto M, Chicz-DeMet A, Wiglesworth AK, Sandman CA (2002) Behavioral perinatology: biobehavioral processes in human fetal development. Regul Pept 108:149–157CrossRef

Warner JP (2000) Evidence-based psychopharmacology 3. Assessing evidence of harm: what are the teratogenic effects of lithium carbonate? Psychopharmacol 14:77–80CrossRef

Wegner I, Edelbroek P, de Haan GJ, Lindhout D, Sander JW (2010) Drug monitoring of lamotrigine and oxcarbazepine combination during pregnancy. Epilepsia 51:2500–2502PubMedCrossRef

Weinberg MK, Tronick EZ (1998) The impact of maternal psychiatric illness on infant development. J Clin Psychiatry 59 (Suppl 2):53–61PubMed

Weinstein MR, Goldfield M (1975) Cardiovascular malformations with lithium use during pregnancy. Am J Psychiatry 132:529–531PubMedCrossRef

Weissman AM, Levy BT, Hartz AJ, Bentler S, Donohue M, Ellingrod VL, Wisner KL (2004) Pooled analysis of antidepressant levels in lactating mothers, breast milk, and nursing infants. Am J Psychiatry 161:1066–1078PubMedCrossRef

Wichman CL, Moore KM, Lang TR, St Sauver JL, Heise RH Jr, Watson WJ (2009) Congenital heart disease associated with selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor use during pregnancy. Mayo Clin Proc 84:23–27PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef

Wilson KL, Zelig CM, Harvey JP, Cunningham BS, Dolinsky BM, Napolitano PG (2011) Persistent pulmonary hypertension of the newborn is associated with mode of delivery and not with maternal use of selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors. Am J Perinatol 28:19–24PubMedCrossRef

Wirz-Justice A, Bader A, Frisch U, Stieglitz RD, Alder J, Bitzer J, Hösli I, Jazbec S, Benedetti F, Terman M, Wisner KL, Riecher-Rössler A (2011) A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study of light therapy for antepartum depression. J Clin Psychiatry 72:986–993PubMedCrossRef

Wisner KL, Gelenberg AJ, Leonard H, Zarin D, Frank E (1999) Pharmacologic treatment of depression during pregnancy. JAMA 282:1264–1269PubMedCrossRef

Wisner KL, Sit DK, McShea MC Rizzo DM, Zoretich RA, Hughes CL, Eng HF, Luther JF, Wisniewski SR, Costantino ML, Confer AL, Moses-Kolko EL, Famy CS, Hanusa BH (2013) Onset timing, thoughts of self-harm, and diagnoses in postpartum women with screen-positive depression findings. JAMA Psychiatry 70:490–498PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef

Wurst KE, Poole C, Ephross SA, Olshan AF (2010) First trimester paroxetine use and the prevalence of congenital, specifically cardiac, defects: a meta-analysis of epidemiological studies. Birth Defects Res A Clin Mol Teratol 88:159–170PubMedCrossRef

Yacobi S, Ornoy A (2008) Is lithium a real teratogen? What can we conclude from the prospective versus retrospective studies? A review. Isr J Psychiatry Relat Sci 45:95–106PubMed

Yankowitz J, Niebyl JR (2001) Folic acid supplementation for prevention of birth defects. In: Yankowitz J, Niebyl JR (Hrsg) Drug Therapy in Pregnancy, 3. Aufl. Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, Philadelphia PA, S 187–193

Yonkers KA, Blackwell KA, Glover J, Forray A (2014) Antidepressant use in pregnant and postpartum women. Annu Rev Clin Psychol 10:369–392PubMedCrossRef

Zegers B, Andriessen P (2003) Maternal lithium therapy and neonatal morbidity. Eur J Pediatr 162:348–349PubMedCrossRef

Zelkowitz P, Milet TH (1996) Postpartum psychiatric disorders: their relationship to psychological adjustment and marital satisfaction in the spouses. J Abnorm Psychol 105:281–285PubMedCrossRef

Zeskind PS, Stephens LE (2004) Maternal selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor use during pregnancy and newborn neurobehavior. Pediatrics 113:368–375PubMedCrossRef

Zhang H, Cui D, Wang B, Han Y-H, Balimane P, Yang Z, Sinz M,Rodrigues AD (2007) Pharmacokinetic drug interactions involving 17α-ethinylestradiol – a new look at an old drug. Clin Pharmacokinet 46:133–157PubMedCrossRef

Zuckerman B, Amaro H, Bauchner H, Cabral H (1989) Depressive symptoms during pregnancy: relationship to poor health behaviors. Am J Obstet Gynecol 160:1107–1111PubMedCrossRef

Titel: Praxis der Pharmakotherapie der Depression in Schwangerschaft und Stillzeit
verfasst von: Niels Bergemann
Verlag: Springer Berlin Heidelberg
Buch: Therapie der Depression
Print ISBN: 978-3-662-50346-1

Electronic ISBN: 978-3-662-50347-8

Copyright-Jahr: 2017
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-50347-8_15

Neu im Fachgebiet Psychiatrie

ADHS-Medikation erhöht das kardiovaskuläre Risiko

16.05.2024 Herzinsuffizienz Nachrichten

Erwachsene, die Medikamente gegen das Aufmerksamkeitsdefizit-Hyperaktivitätssyndrom einnehmen, laufen offenbar erhöhte Gefahr, an Herzschwäche zu erkranken oder einen Schlaganfall zu erleiden. Es scheint eine Dosis-Wirkungs-Beziehung zu bestehen.

Typ-2-Diabetes und Depression folgen oft aufeinander

14.05.2024 Typ-2-Diabetes Nachrichten

Menschen mit Typ-2-Diabetes sind überdurchschnittlich gefährdet, in den nächsten Jahren auch noch eine Depression zu entwickeln – und umgekehrt. Besonders ausgeprägt ist die Wechselbeziehung laut GKV-Daten bei jüngeren Erwachsenen.

Darf man die Behandlung eines Neonazis ablehnen?

08.05.2024 Gesellschaft Nachrichten

In einer Leseranfrage in der Zeitschrift Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology möchte ein anonymer Dermatologe bzw. eine anonyme Dermatologin wissen, ob er oder sie einen Patienten behandeln muss, der eine rassistische Tätowierung trägt.

Spezielles Sportprogramm bei einer Reihe von psychischen Erkrankungen effektiv

08.05.2024 Psychotherapie Nachrichten

Sportliche Betätigung hilft nicht nur bei Depression, sondern auch in Gruppen von Patientinnen und Patienten mit unterschiedlichen psychischen Erkrankungen, wie Insomnie, Panikattacken, Agoraphobie und posttraumatischem Belastungssyndrom. Sie alle profitieren längerfristig.

Die Highlights vom Kongress des American College of Cardiology 2024

Springer Medizin

15. Praxis der Pharmakotherapie der Depression in Schwangerschaft und Stillzeit

Zusammenfassung

Neu im Fachgebiet Psychiatrie

ADHS-Medikation erhöht das kardiovaskuläre Risiko

Typ-2-Diabetes und Depression folgen oft aufeinander

Darf man die Behandlung eines Neonazis ablehnen?

Spezielles Sportprogramm bei einer Reihe von psychischen Erkrankungen effektiv

Die Highlights vom Kongress des American College of Cardiology 2024

Springer Medizin

Zusammenfassung

Bitte loggen Sie sich ein, um Zugang zu diesem Inhalt zu erhalten

Neu im Fachgebiet Psychiatrie

ADHS-Medikation erhöht das kardiovaskuläre Risiko

Typ-2-Diabetes und Depression folgen oft aufeinander

Darf man die Behandlung eines Neonazis ablehnen?

Spezielles Sportprogramm bei einer Reihe von psychischen Erkrankungen effektiv