Background
Objective and research question
Methods
Study settings
Criteria for considering studies for the review
Inclusion criteria
Search strategy and information sources
Quality assessment tool
Authors | Study area | Sample size | Measurement of outcome interest | Immunization Coverage of Children aged 12–23 Months | Other Main findings | JBI-Quality score |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Animaw et al., 2014 [18] | SNNPR, Arba Minch town and Arba Minch Zuria district | 630 | Card plus mother recall method | 461 (73.2%) were fully immunized | 128 (20.3%) were partially and Vaccinated, and 41 (6.5%) were unvaccinated | 88.9 |
Facha, 2015 [19] | SNNPR, Arba Minch Zuriya Woreda | 210 | Card plus mother recall method | 112 (53.3%) were fully immunized | 90 (42.9%) were partially vaccinated, and 8 (3.8%) did not take any vaccine | 88.9 |
Meleko et al., 2017 [20] | SNNR, Mizan Aman town | 322 | Card plus mother recall method | 136 (42.2%) were fully immunized | 159 (49.4%) were partially vaccinated, and 27 (8.4%) were unvaccinated. | 66.7 |
Tefera et al., 2018 [21] | SNNPR-Worabe, a town | 484 | Card plus mother recall method | 297 (61.4%) were fully vaccinated. | 187 (38.6%) were not fully immunized | 66.7 |
Ayano, 2015 [22] | SNNPR,Hosanna Town | 508 | Card plus mother recall method | 155 (30.51%) were fully vaccinated | 325 (63.98%) were partially vaccinated, and 28 (5.51) were unvaccinated | 66.7 |
Fite and Hailu, 2019 [23] | SNNPR Areka Town, Sothern Ethiopia | 172 | Not specified. | 130 (75.6%) are fully vaccinated. | 25 (14.5) were partially vaccinated, and 17 (10.1%) were unvaccinated | 55.6 |
Hailu et al., 2019 [24] | SNNPR, Wonago district in southern Ethiopia | 1116 | Card plus mother recall method | 585 (52.4%) were fully immunized | 333 (29.8%) were partially immunized, and 158 (14.2%) were not immunized | 100 |
Michael Mesfin, 2015 [25] | SNNPR, Yirgalem Town | 473 | Card plus mother recall method | 367 (77.8) were fully immunized | 96 (20) were partially immunized, and 10 (2.1%) were not immunized | 77.8 |
Mohammed et al. 2013 [26] | Oromia, Kombolcha Woreda | 694 | Card plus mother recall method | 159 (22.9%) completely immunized | -Of total 168 (24.2%) not immunized, and 367 (52.9%) partially immunized | 66.7 |
Legesse and Dechasa, 2015 [27] | Oromia, Sinana district | 591 | Card plus mother recall method | - 454 (76.8%) were fully vaccinated | 122 (20.6%) were partiallyVaccinated, and 15 (2.5%) were unvaccinated. | 88.9 |
Melese Girmaye, et al. 2019 [28] | Oromia, Wayu-Tuka District | 436 | Card plus mother recall method | Fully vaccination coverage was 73.9% | 109 (25%) were partially vaccinated, and (1.1%) were unvaccinated. | 66.7 |
Sheka Shimelis, 2018 [29] | Oromia, in Serbo Town | 260 | Card plus mother recall method | 119 (48.8%) were fully immunized | −45.5% (126) were incompletely vaccinated and 5.7% (14) did not take any vaccination. | 88.9 |
Udessa, 2018 [30] | Oromia, Wadera District | 440 | Card plus recall method | 184 (41.4%) were fully vaccinated | Among the total, 26 (5.9%) of the children were unvaccinated. | 66.7 |
Etana and Deressa, 2012 [31] | Oromia, Ambo Woreda | 536 | Card plus mother recall method | 191 (35.6%) were fully vaccinated | 218 (40.6) were partially vaccinated, and 127 (23.7%) were unvaccinated. | 88.9 |
Wado et al., 2014 [32] | Oromia southwestern Ethiopia | 889 | Immunization coverage by card | 329 (37%) were fully vaccinated | 361 (40.6%) were partially vaccinated, and 199 (22.4%) were unvaccinated. | 77.8 |
Toyeb Yasine, 2015 [33] | Oromia, Tehulederie district | 639 | Immunization coverage by card | 531 (83.1) were fully vaccinated | 94 (14.7%) were partially vaccinated, and 14 (2.2%) were unvaccinated. | 77.8 |
Kassahun et al., 2015 [34] | Amhar, Lay Armachiho District | 751 | Card plus mother recall method | 571 (76.03%) were fully vaccinated | 21.67 were partially vaccinated, and (2.3) not vaccinated at all | 88.9 |
Gualu and Dilie, 2017 [35] | Amhara, Debre Markos Town | 288 | Not specified | 264 (91.7%) were fully vaccinated | 19 (6.6%) were partially vaccinated, and 5 (1.7%) were not vaccinated at all. | 55.6 |
Mastewal Worku Lake et al., 2016 [36] | Amhara, Dessie Town,South Wollo Zone | 724 | Card plus mother recall method | 472 (65.2%) were fully vaccinated | 130 (17.9%) were partially vaccinated, and 252 (34.8%) never get vaccine | 77.8 |
Ayal D, 2014 [37] | Amhara, Mecha district | 497 | Card plus mother recall method | 245 (49.3%) were fully vaccinated | 244 (49.1%) were partially vaccinated, and 8 (1.6%) have never been vaccinated. | 66.7 |
Abebe et al., 2019 [38] | Amhara, Woldia Town | 389 | Card plus mother recall method | 343 (87.7%) children were fully immunized | 46 (11.8%) were partially vaccinated | 66.7 |
Tadesse daget, 2018 [39] | Amhara, Bahirdar town | 846 | Card plus mother recall method | 494 (58.4%) were fully vaccinated | 144 (17%)were partially vaccinated and 208 (24.6%) were not vaccinated at all | 88.9 |
Mekonnen et al., 2019 [40] | Minjar-Shenkora district | 566 | mother’s/caregivers’ report | 428 (75.6%) were fully vaccinated | 105 (18.5%) were partially vaccinated, and 33 (5.9%) were not vaccinated at all | 88.9 |
Ayenew Engida, 2019 [41] | Amhara, Gondar city administration | 301 | Card plus mother recall method | 228 (75.7) were fully vaccinated | 73 (24.3%) were partially vaccinated | 77.8 |
Girmay and Dadi, 2019 [42] | Tigria, Sekota Zuria district. | 620 | Card plus mother recall method | 480 (77.4%) of them were fully immunized | 15.5% (96/620) were partially immunized, and 44 (7.1%) did not received vaccin | 77.8 |
Teklay Kidane, 2004 [43] | Tigria regional State | 110 | Card plus mother recall method | 83 (75.5%) were fully vaccinated | 27 (24.5%) were partially immunized | 77.8 |
Mohamud et al., 2014 [44] | Somali National Regional State | 582 | Card plus mother recall method | 213 (36.6%) were fully vaccinated | 221 (37.9) were partially vaccinated, and 148 (25.4%) not vaccinated at all | 88.9 |
Yihunie Lakew, 2015 [45] | National survey | 1927 | Card plus mother recall method | 468 (24.3%) were fully vaccinated | 1170 (60.7%) were partially vaccinated, and 289 (15%) were not vaccinated at all | 77.8 |
Koku Sisay, 2019 [46] | National survey | 1909 | Card plus mother recall method | 38.3% are fully vaccinated | 61.7% were partially vaccinated. | 88.9 |
Abebech Asmamaw, 2016 [47] | National survey | 4983 | Card plus mother recall method | 1296 (26%) are fully vaccinated | – | 88.9 |
Data extraction
Outcome measures (fully immunizations/ immunization coverage)
Data synthesis and statistical analysis
Results
Description of the included studies
Characteristics of included studies
Fully immunization coverage among children 12–23 months in Ethiopia
Partial-immunization coverage among children 12–23 months in Ethiopia
Non-immunization coverage among children 12–23 months in Ethiopia
Meta-analysis results
Fully immunization coverage among children 12–23 months in Ethiopia
Variables | Coverage% (95% CI) | Heterogeneity | No. studies |
---|---|---|---|
Immunization coverage | |||
Full immunization | 58.92 (51.26–66.58) | I2 = 99.4%, p = 0.000 | 30 |
Partial immunization | 30.80 (23.91–37.65) | I2 = 99.1%, p = 0.000 | 25 |
Non-immunization | 12.87 (9.77–15.96) | I2 = 98.5%, p = 0.000 | 24 |
Regional status | |||
Oromia region | 52.50 (35.08–69.91) | I2 = 99.4%, p = 0.000 | 8 |
Amhara region | 72.48 (62.81–82.16) | I2 = 98.3%, p = 0.000 | 8 |
SNNPR | 58.30 (46.42–70.18) | I2 = 98.4%, p = 0.000 | 8 |
National level study | 37.54 (21.99–53.09) | I2 = 99.5%, p = 0.000 | 3 |
Complete/full / Immunization | |||
2011 | 36.12 (33.30–38.93) | I2 = 0.001%, p = 0.728 | 2 |
2013 | 56.55 (28.16–84.94) | I2 = 99.6%, p = 0.000 | 4 |
2014 | 54.12 (29.03–79.21) | I2 = 99.4%, p = 0.000 | 3 |
2015 | 53.92 (21.19–86.66) | I2 = 99.8%, p = 0.000 | 4 |
2016 | 61.27 (41.43–81.08) | I2 = 99.6%, p = 0.000 | 4 |
2018 | 62.39 (43.38–81.39) | I2 = 99.0%, p = 0.000 | 4 |
2019 | 68.50 (59.17–77.83) | I2 = 97.3%, p = 0.000 | 7 |
Partially immunization | |||
2011 | 39.21 (36.36–42.07) | I2 = 0.001%, p = 0.343 | 2 |
2013 | 31.25 (11.17–51.33) | I2 = 99.1%, p = 0.000 | 3 |
2014 | 37.07 (21.04–53.09) | I2 = 98.4%, p = 0.000 | 3 |
2015 | 39.84 (13.49–66.19) | I2 = 99.7%, p = 0.000 | 4 |
2016 | 12.25 (1.18–23.33) | I2 = 96.7%, p = 0.000 | 2 |
2018 | 26.94 (6.98–46.9) | I2 = 99.1%, p = 0.000 | 3 |
2019 | 24.51 (16.96–32.09) | I2 = 95.9%, p = 0.000 | 6 |
Non-immunization | |||
2011 | 24.57 (22.04–27.09) | I2 = 0.001%, p = 0.509 | 2 |
2013 | 19.45 (7.80–31.10) | I2 = 99.1%, p = 0.000 | 3 |
2014 | 8.62 (0.57–16.67) | I2 = 99.0%, p = 0.000 | 3 |
2015 | 5.69 (0.09–11.29) | I2 = 98.5%, p = 0.000 | 4 |
2016 | 9.26 (5.64–24.15) | I2 = 98.9%, p = 0.000 | 2 |
2018 | 23.09 (4.77–41.42) | I2 = 95.9%, p = 0.000 | 3 |
2019 | 8.56 (5.02–12.11) | I2 = 90.6%, p = 0.000 | 6 |
Partial and non-immunization coverage among children 12–23 months in Ethiopia
Factors associated with fully immunization coverage among children age 12–23 months
Variables | OR, 95% CI | Heterogeneity | Number of studies |
---|---|---|---|
Educated mothers | 2.29 (1.19–2.75) | I2 = 68.4, p = 0.004 | 7 |
Knowledgeable about immunization | 3.83 (2.88–5.10) | I2 = 64.1, p = 0.025 | 5 |
Mother who had ANC visit | 2.38 (2.06–2.76) | I2 = 71.0, p = 0.0001 | 10 |
Favorable attitude towards immunization | 1.86 (1,04–5.33) | I2 = 0.0, p = 0.445 | 3 |
Mother who delivered at health institution | 1.87 (1.68–2.09) | I2 = 57.4, p = 0.002 | 17 |
Mother who visited by HEW | 2.23 (1.63–3.04) | I2 = 0.0, p = 0.592 | 3 |
Mother who lived at urban kebeles | 1.75 (1.42–2.17) | I2 = 0.0, p = 0.580 | 5 |
Mother who taken TT vaccination | 1.40 (1.21–1.64) | I2 = 47.8, p = 0.105 | 5 |
Mother who had PNC visit | 1.44 (1.14–1.82) | I2 = 46.1, p = 0.116 | 5 |
Mother knowing the schedule of vaccination | 2.06 (1.56–2.71) | I2 = 0.0, p = 0.523 | 3 |