Introduction
Methods
Study setting and patient population
Examination and methods
Statistical analysis
Results
Baseline demographic and characteristics
Healthy subjects n = 21 (%) | Diseased subjects n = 52 (%) | p value | |
---|---|---|---|
Age, years (mean ± SD) | 50.1 ± 22 | 48.7 ± 17 | < 0.80 |
Female gender | 10 (47.6%) | 21 (40.4%) | 0.57 χ2 test |
Heighta (mean ± SD) | 1.74 ± 0.07 | 1.75 ± 0.1 | < 0.70 |
Weightb (mean ± SD) | 71.5 ± 15.0 | 75.6 ± 19.5 | < 0.38 |
Handedness (right-handed) | 16 (76.2%) | 48 (92.3%) | 0.03 Fisher-test |
MRCc (score sum) (mean ± SD) | 79.6 ± 0.8 | 71.2 ± 9.8 | < 0.001 |
Conventional muscle testing
Healthy subjects n = 21 (%) | Neuromuscular patients n = 52 (%) | p value | |
---|---|---|---|
6MWTa (mean ± SD) | 660.8 ± 68.2 | 431.1 ± 171.3 | < 0.001 |
Heckmatt scale < 2b | 20 (95.2%) | 23 (56.1%)c | 0.006 Fisher-Test |
Objective assessments: dynamometry and MyotonPRO® results
Parameters of the MyotonPRO®
Biceps brachii muscle | Dominant sidea | ||
---|---|---|---|
Categories | Control group n = 21 | Neuromuscular patients n = 52 | p valueb |
Tone (mean ± SD) | 15.67 ± 1.02 | 15.34 ± 1.81 | 0.33 |
Stiffness (mean ± SD) | 263.721 ± 28.46 | 252.43 ± 51.63 | 0.26 |
Elasticity (median, min–max) | 1.37 (0.88–2.42) | 1.45 (0.91–16.05) | 0.35c |
Relaxation (mean ± SD) | 19.64 ± 1.82 | 20.44 ± 2.80 | 0.15 |
Retardation (median, min–max) | 1.18 (0.99–1.43) | 1.21 (0.98–16.05) | 0.17c |
Biceps brachii muscle | Dominant sidea | ||
---|---|---|---|
Categories | Control group n = 21 | Motoneuron patients n = 10 | p valueb |
Tone (mean ± SD) | 15.96 ± 1.30 | 15.19 ± 2.65 | 0.41 |
Stiffness (median, min–max) | 261.5 (204–338.5) | 272 (183–297.5) | 0.57c |
Elasticity (mean ± SD) | 1.41 ± 0.33 | 1.65 ± 0.45 | 0.15 |
Relaxation (mean ± SD) | 19.24 ± 1.96 | 21.25 ± 3.66 | 0.12 |
Retardation (mean ± SD) | 1.17 ± 0.11 | 1.29 ± 0.19 | 0.09 |
Biceps brachii muscle | Dominant sidea | ||
---|---|---|---|
Categories | Control group n = 21 | Patients with non-myotonic myopathies n = 8 | p valueb |
Tone (mean ± SD) | 15.96 ± 1.30 | 14.57 ± 1.35 | 0.017 |
Stiffness (median, min–max) | 261.5 (204–338.5) | 229.8 (16–277.5) | 0.021c |
Elasticity (median, min–max) | 1.30 (0.88–2.24) | 1.40 (1.23–16.05) | 0.30a |
Relaxation (mean ± SD) | 19.24 ± 1.96 | 21.31 ± 2.93 | 0.036 |
Retardation (median, min–max) | 1.15 (0.99–1.43) | 1.34 (1.19–16.05) | < 0.001c |
Biceps brachii muscle | Dominant sidea | ||
---|---|---|---|
Categories | Control group n = 21 | Patients with myotonia n = 16 | p valueb |
Tone (mean ± SD) | 15.67 ± 1.02 | 15.45 ± 1.44 | 0.61 |
Stiffness (mean ± SD) | 263.21 ± 28.46 | 257.07 ± 36.16 | 0.57 |
Elasticity (mean ± SD) | 1.47 ± 0.42 | 1.33 ± 0.23 | 0.23 |
Relaxation (mean ± SD) | 19.64 ± 1.82 | 19.97 ± 2.22 | 0.62 |
Retardation (mean ± SD) | 1.19 ± 0.11 | 1.21 ± 0.12 | 0.74 |
Biceps brachii muscle | Dominant sidea | ||
---|---|---|---|
Categories | Control group n = 21 | Patients with neuropathy n = 10 | p valueb |
Tone (mean ± SD) | 15.96 ± 1.30 | 15.82 ± 1.44 | 0.78 |
Stiffness (mean ± SD) | 268.79 ± 35.11 | 266.10 ± 34.35 | 0.84 |
Elasticity (mean ± SD) | 1.41 ± 0.33 | 1.59 ± 0.26 | 0.12 |
Relaxation (mean ± SD) | 19.24 ± 1.96 | 19.82 ± 1.91 | 0.45 |
Retardation (mean ± SD) | 1.17 ± 0.11 | 1.21 ± 0.10 | 0.39 |
Biceps brachii muscle | Dominant sidea | ||
---|---|---|---|
Categories | Control group n = 21 | Patients with neuropathy n = 8 | p valueb |
Tone (mean ± SD) | 15.96 ± 1.30 | 15.46 ± 2.18 | 0.56 |
Stiffness (mean ± SD) | 268.79 ± 35.11 | 271.06 ± 56.97 | 0.92 |
Elasticity (mean ± SD) | 1.41 ± 0.33 | 1.47 ± 0.35 | 0.62 |
Relaxation (mean ± SD) | 19.24 ± 1.96 | 20.16 ± 3.61 | 0.52 |
Retardation (mean ± SD) | 1.17 ± 0.11 | 1.23 ± 0.20 | 0.33 |
Rectus femoris muscle | Dominant sidea | ||
---|---|---|---|
Categories | Healthy control group n = 21 | Patients with non-myotonic myopathy n = 8 | p valueb |
Tone (mean ± SD) | 16.28 ± 3.14 | 15.68 ± 2.78 | 0.64 |
Stiffness (mean ± SD) | 294.0 ± 74.61 | 255.21 ± 108.60 | 0.28 |
Elasticity (median, min–max) | 1.61 (0.87–2.81) | 1.92 (1.48–18.7) | 0.07c |
Relaxation (mean ± SD) | 19.67 ± 4.09 | 20.70 ± 3.81 | 0.54 |
Retardation (median, min–max) | 1.31 (0.71–1.53) | 1.38 (1.04–18.7) | 0.24c |